Nutrition and Health: Keeping Your Dressage Horse in Peak Condition

A dressage horse's diet directly affects its performance, temperament, and longevity. Proper nutrition provides the energy and nutrients needed for training while supporting overall health.

The Foundation: Good Quality Forage

Hay or haylage should form the bulk of your horse's diet. Aim for at least 1.5% of your horse's body weight daily. Most dressage horses need good quality hay to support their energy requirements without becoming hyperactive.

Choose hay with good colour and smell, free from dust and mould. Have it analysed if possible—knowing its nutritional content helps you supplement appropriately. Some horses thrive on haylage, which is more digestible than hay.

Concentrates and Grains

Many dressage horses don't need high levels of grain. Excessive grain can make horses hot and difficult to work with, particularly young or sensitive animals. Start with a moderate amount and increase only if your horse needs the calories.

Choose feeds specifically formulated for dressage work. These typically contain balanced vitamins and minerals rather than excessive energy. Read labels carefully and follow feeding guidelines based on your horse's weight and workload.

Supplements Worth Considering

Most horses benefit from a basic vitamin and mineral supplement if their forage is of unknown quality. Joint supplements containing glucosamine and chondroitin support soundness, particularly for young horses in training.

Omega-3 supplements can improve coat condition and support joint health. Some horses benefit from calming supplements if they're anxious, though this should never replace proper training.

Always consult your vet before starting new supplements. Some can interact with other products or be unnecessary given your horse's specific diet.

Hydration

Water is often overlooked but absolutely crucial. Horses need constant access to fresh water—typically 20-40 litres daily depending on weather and workload. Dehydration affects performance and can cause serious health issues.

Some horses drink less during competition. Offering water with a pinch of salt can encourage drinking. Always bring water when travelling.

Weight Management

Your horse should maintain a healthy weight—you should be able to feel ribs easily but not see them prominently. Overweight horses are more prone to injury and metabolic problems. Underweight horses lack energy and may struggle with training.

Weigh your horse regularly using a weight tape or scale. Adjust feeding based on workload and season. Winter may require more calories; summer turnout might require less supplementary feeding.

Dental Care

Regular dental checks ensure your horse can chew food properly and accept the bit comfortably. Schedule annual dental examinations with an equine dentist. Poor teeth affect digestion and performance.

Routine Health Checks

Regular veterinary care prevents problems before they develop. Annual health checks, vaccinations, and worming programmes are essential. A healthy horse is a performing horse.

Work with your vet and a qualified equine nutritionist to develop a feeding plan tailored to your horse's individual needs. Every horse is different, and what works for one may not work for another.